Ethiopia is poised to harness the demographic dividend as fertility rates have declined significantly, creating an opportunity for accelerated economic growth. However, regional disparities in fertility rates mean that while some areas are already experiencing the benefits, others may take decades to reach this stage. To ensure equitable progress, Ethiopia must adopt a dual approach: leveraging the growing working-age population in low-fertility regions through job creation and skills development, while in high-fertility regions, focusing on reducing fertility and mortality rates by improving education, healthcare, and empowering women and girls. Effective implementation of these strategies is key to maximizing economic growth nationwide.